Here's the last of the incuse markings: S 43

I wonder what the S is used to designate? If I come across the details I'll add them here. My guess is the 43 designates a factory shop and batch number. I can add that among early porcelain insulators made in Europe I've noticed several early examples marked on the base and/or inner skirts have tended to be dated rather early. Anyone else seen this trend?

The "PATENT" marking covers the cordeaux style patent that was filed in 1876. "Buller Jobson & CO Limited Dudley, England" marking probably dates this to the late 1880s to circa 1900. Based on new research provided by Fredrik Hojefalt, I believe that despite this having a cream glaze it does not prove it is post 1910. Various embossings have been traced various cordeax and other British porcelain insulators to certain periods of use.

Recent discoveries now apparently disprove Keith Neal's opinion that pure white glazed cordeaux's are pre-1910 and therefore cream color glazes are post 1910. Instead, we are finding increasing evidence that the pure white glazed cordeaux's and probably other style porcelain insulators are likely of European origin (Germany and/or Czechslovakia) by Merklin and Hescho. Dumpsite at Hescho has been scavenged with ample evidence showing that many examples were exported to Canada and Europe and even South America! There are a few pure white ones made in Ireland (by Wade and Belleek) and some are even thought to be Japanese (I haven't heard the evidence on Japan, therefore cannot confirm it).

I'd love to hear from other collectors who may have further research to expound upon these early British porcelain insulators.

Another interesting feature common on British cordeax insulators is that they typically have a 1/2 inch threaded pinhole.